
Success doesn't happen by accident.
A wealth of psychological research has found the people who achieve
most in life take the same deliberate steps to make sure they
reach their goals.
Sometimes it means minimizing the value of will power; other times it means dusting yourself off after defeat.
Here are some of the psychological strategies the most successful people adopt in their daily lives.
They maintain a "growth mindset."
In the 1960s, psychologist Carol Dweck came up with the idea for two different kinds of mindsets. She called them
"growth mindsets" and "fixed mindsets."
Growth mindsets give people the ability to see themselves as capable
of change — notably, growth — while fixed mindsets cause people to view
themselves as fully realized, or unchanging.
Having a growth mindset
leads to far higher achievement than having a fixed one, Dweck's research has found.
They have grit.
Psychologist Angela Duckworth has found time and again that the
ability to recover after failure is one of the most common traits of
successful people.
Duckworth calls this resilience
"grit,"
and it's often the grittiest kids who get into the best schools, get
the best jobs, and, incidentally, win the most spelling bees.
Some experts have even said grit is the single-most important trait to become successful.
They engage in "deliberate practice."
Anders Ericsson is the leading expert on how repeated behaviors can lead to mastery. Most of us call this "practice."
Ericsson's research has found a higher-level form of practice called
"deliberate practice" could
be even better. People engage in deliberate practice when they are
actively and repeatedly trying to escape their comfort zone.
Deliberate practice works in tandem with Dweck's growth mindset: Only
through that mindset can people move from one state of proficiency to
another.
They practice self-compassion.
Emma Seppala, science director of Stanford's Center for Compassion
and Altruism Research and Education, wrote in her recent book
"The Happiness Track" that successful people don't agonize over their shortcomings.
In fact, they are nicer to themselves — they display what Seppala calls "self-compassion."
Self-compassion is a sign you recognize that you, too, are
human. You make mistakes like everyone else. What matters in terms of
your success is what you do next.
They are mindful.
Mindfulness is the ability to direct your attention like a spotlight, and to direct that spotlight on things that truly matter.
Research has found
mindfulness to be a valuable tool for people who spend many hours of
their day bouncing between meetings, tasks, challenges, and fires that
need fighting.
It's the ability to stay calm under pressure, and to reach that state of calm intentionally.
They turn goals into systems.
Harvard psychologist Amy Cuddy says
too many people focus on the moonshot goal instead of the steps needed to get there.
Successful people focus on the process and often manage to enjoy it,
Cuddy says, rather than zeroing in solely on the desired outcome.
You might set the goal of running a marathon, for example, but
research suggests it'll only be through a steady running routine that
you'll end up being successful.
They don't rely on willpower alone.
In his recent book "Irresistible," NYU psychologist Adam Alter
discusses the misconception that successful people tune out distractions just by ignoring them.
Everyone's phones are vibrating for their attention. But people can
power through those disruptions by eliminating the temptation to check
altogether
, Alter says.
That can mean installing site blockers or physically putting a device far away, out of both sight and mind.
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